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Bridge Navigation Equipments

What is DGPS? Functioning, Limitations & Features

Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) is an enhancement to Global Positioning System that uses a network of fixed, ground-based reference stations to broadcast the difference between the positions indicated by the satellite systems and the known fixed positions. These stations broadcast the difference between the measured satellite pseudo ranges and actual (internally computed) pseudo ranges,…

Join Merchant Navy

How to become a Electro Technical Officer or ETO in Merchant Navy?

If you want to work on a Merchant Navy vessel as a Electrical Engineer, you need to do a Electro Technical Officer or ETO course. The Electro Technical Officer or ETO of a ship is responsible for the safe operation and maintenance of the electrical and electronic components available onboard. Course Duration and Eligibility Criteria…

Merchant Navy for Girls

Is Merchant Navy a good career option for Girls

Merchant navy is a very challenging field, it has its own advantages and disadvantages. Merchant navy does offers very good salaries and a lot of travel opportunities but it also demands a lot of courage and patience. In this article, we are going to discuss about the opportunities and challenges a girl cadet faces during her tenure…

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Shipping Abbreviations & Full Forms

A/B: Able bodied seaman, a member of the crew who is able to perform all duties of an experienced seaman. A/S: Alongside AA: Always afloat AAAA: Always accessible always afloat AAOSA: Always afloat or safely aground AARA: Amsterdam-Antwerp-Rotterdam Area ABT: About ADCOM: Address Commission AFSPS: Arrival First Sea Pilot Station (Norway) AG: Arabian Gulf – also called PG – Persian Gulf AGW: All going well AHL: Australian hold ladders…

Study Material | 2nd Mates | SSEP

Procedures and precautions for Tank Cleaning and Gas free Operation for Oil tankers 

Tank cleaning – The process of removing hydrocarbon vapours, liquids or residues. Tank cleaning may be required for one or more of the following reasons: Responsibility : The Chief Officer is in charge of and shall supervise as the person in charge of the Tank Cleaning, Hydrocarbon Gas (HC) Purging, Gas Freeing & Re-Inerting operations. He shall…

Study Material

Crude Oil Washing (COW) onboard Ships – Explained

Piping System with respect to Crude Oil Washing: The pipeline and valves incorporated in the crude oil washing system shall be of steel or equivalent material and shall have adequate strength having regard to the pressure it may be subjected and shall be properly jointed and supported. The crude oil washing system should contain permanent…

Log Books Onboard

What is Official Log Book – Regulations, Entries

Official Log Book means the log book kept at the bridge of the ship in accordance with the provisions of the Merchant Shipping Act. Offical logbook is considered to be a running log of all official events such as Arrival / Departure of the vessel to/from the port, Draughts, Freeboards, Onboard Emergency Drills, Crew onboard, Fuel/Fresh…

Study Material

ROR Cards

ROR Cards – also called Rules of the Road cards are very helpful for learning perspective. These cards show the view forward from the deck of various vessels (power, sailing and fishing) of developing traffic situations at sea. In each case the mariner has to decide the correct course of action to navigate his vessel…

Solutions | Stability 1

Stability 1 – Chapter 6 Centre of Gravity

Solution: Given:- Weight = 8800t,Original KG =6.2m,Cargo loaded = 200t,KG = 1.7m Ship’s weight KG VM 8800 t 6.2m 54560tm (+) 200 load 1.7m Final VM  54900 tm Final W – 9000 t                                               Final VM  54900 tm So, we can calculate Final KG = (Final VM/ Final W)Final KG = (54900 / 9000)= 6.1m Here…