Tank cleaning – The process of removing hydrocarbon vapours, liquids or residues. Tank cleaning may be required for one or more of the following reasons: Responsibility : The Chief Officer is in charge of and shall supervise as the person in charge of the Tank Cleaning, Hydrocarbon Gas (HC) Purging, Gas Freeing & Re-Inerting operations. He shall…
Piping System with respect to Crude Oil Washing: The pipeline and valves incorporated in the crude oil washing system shall be of steel or equivalent material and shall have adequate strength having regard to the pressure it may be subjected and shall be properly jointed and supported. The crude oil washing system should contain permanent…
ROR Cards – also called Rules of the Road cards are very helpful for learning perspective. These cards show the view forward from the deck of various vessels (power, sailing and fishing) of developing traffic situations at sea. In each case the mariner has to decide the correct course of action to navigate his vessel…
Not too long ago chronometers were the only instrument used on board ships for accurate timekeeping for purpose of navigational calculation. Some older ships used to carry two chronometers as a safeguard against mechanical failure or accident. Even chronometers have not escaped the advancement of science and the older version of winding chronometers are being…
What is Compass Error Compass Error is the angular difference between true north and compass north. It is named east or west to indicate the side of true north on which the compass north lies. The Compass Error is a combination of two separate and distinct components, namely variation and deviation. Why we take Compass Error…
A Ship prefix is a combination of letters, usually abbreviations, used in front of the name of a civilian or naval ship that has historically served numerous purposes, such as identifying the vessel’s mode of propulsion, purpose, or ownership/nationality. Today the common practice is to use a single prefix for all warships of a nation’s navy, and other prefixes for auxiliaries…
Mariners use these Nautical terms instead of left and right to avoid confusion. When looking forward, towards the bow of a ship, port and starboard refer to the left and right sides, respectively.
ISPS Code is International Ship and Port Facility Security Code an amendment to the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) Convention (1974/1988) on Maritime security including minimum security arrangements for ships, ports and government agencies. Having come into force in 2004, it prescribes responsibilities to governments, shipping companies, shipboard personnel, and port/facility personnel to “detect security threats and take preventive measures against security incidents…